Perl and SQLite, free pdf download
You can download “Perl Scripting for SQLite”.
It’s a pdf of the slides I’ve made for the “Linux day 2011” in my hometown.
Have fun!
You can download “Perl Scripting for SQLite”.
It’s a pdf of the slides I’ve made for the “Linux day 2011” in my hometown.
Have fun!
Let’s analyze the following perl scripta “cinema.pl”, to create and populate a simple database about movies, and “query_hollywood.pl” to execute a simple SELECT-FROM-WHERE query on it.
—————————————cinema.pl————————————————————
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use DBI;
use strict;
# CONFIG VARIABLES
my $platform = “SQLite”;
my $database = “hollywood.db”;
my $host = “localhost”;
my $port = “3306”;
my $user = “username”;
my $pw = “password”;
# DATA SOURCE NAME
my $dsn = “dbi:$platform:$database:$host:$port”;
# PERL DBI CONNECT
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $pw) or die “Cannot connect: $DBI::errstr”;
# creating the “hollywood” database
$dbh->do(“CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS actors(aid integer primary key, name text)”);
$dbh->do(“CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS movies(mid integer primary key, title text)”);
$dbh->do(“CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS actors_movies(id integer primary key, mid integer, aid integer)”);
#populating “actors” table
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Philip Seymour Hofman’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Kate Shindle’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES (‘Kelci Stephenson’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Al Pacino’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Gabrielle Anwar’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Patricia Arquette’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Gabriel Byrne’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Max von Sydow’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Ellen Burstyn’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors(name) VALUES(‘Jason Miller’)”);
#populating “movies” table
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO movies VALUES(1,’Capote’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO movies VALUES(2,’Scent of a woman’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO movies VALUES(3,’Stigmata’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO movies VALUES(4,’Exorcist’)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO movies VALUES(5,’Hamsun’)”);
#populating “actorsMovies” table
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(1,1,1)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(2,2,1)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(3,3,1)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(4,4,2)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(5,5,2)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(6,6,3)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(7,7,3)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(8,8,4)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(9,9,4)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(10,10,4)”);
$dbh->do(“INSERT INTO actors_movies VALUES(11,8,5)”);
print qq{“Hollywood” database created! \n };
$dbh->disconnect;
—————————————————query_hollywood.pl———————————————
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use DBI;
use strict;
# CONFIG VARIABLES
my $platform = “SQLite”;
my $database = “hollywood.db”;
my $host = “localhost”;
my $port = “3306”;
my $user = “username”;
my $pw = “password”;
# DATA SOURCE NAME
my $dsn = “dbi:$platform:$database:$host:$port”;
# PERL DBI CONNECT
my $dbh = DBI->connect($dsn, $user, $pw) or die “Cannot connect: $DBI::errstr”;
# EXECUTE THE QUERY
my $query = “SELECT actors.name , movies.title FROM actors,movies,actors_movies WHERE actors.aid=actors_movies.aid and
movies.mid=actors_movies.mid”;
my $sth=$dbh->selectall_arrayref($query);
print “Actor Movie \n” ;
print “====================== ====================\n”;
foreach my $row (@$sth) {
my ($name, $title) = @$row;
### Print out the table metadata…
printf “%-23s %-23s \n”, $name, $title;
}
$dbh->disconnect;
—————————————————————————————–
Make the perl scripts executable like:
$ sudo chmod +x script.pl
And run them liket:
$ ./script.pl
The result of the query is:
Actor Movie
==================== ====================
Philip Seymour Hofman Capote
Philip Seymour Hofman Scent of a woman
Philip Seymour Hofman Stigmata
Kate Shindle Exorcist
Kate Shindle Hamsun
Very nice script, isn’t it?
I guess the DBI deserves further attention…
Let’s go on mastering our sqlite3 knowledge.
SQLite database is really just a file: a backup it’s as simple as copying one file.
The .dump command shows information about all the changes performed onto the database. Less pieces of information to the hidden file can be found in your home/user typing: $ ~/.sqlite_history.
$ sqlite3 test.db “.dump”
The result is:
PRAGMA foreign_keys=OFF;
BEGIN TRANSACTION;
CREATE TABLE n(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, f TEXT, l TEXT);
INSERT INTO “n” VALUES(1,’linus’,’torvalds’);
INSERT INTO “n” VALUES(2,’richard’,’stallman’);
COMMIT;
If you want to backup the database in a new file, you can specify a name (ex. “dbbackup”):
$ $ sqlite3 test.db ‘.dump’ > dbbackup
The contents of the backup can be modified.
For example you can filter and pipe it to another database. Below, table “n” is changed to “people” with the sed command, and it is piped into the “computer_pioneers” database.
$ sqlite3 test.db “.dump”|sed -e s/n/people/|sqlite3 computer_pioneers.db
The contect is the same:
$sqlite3 computer_pioneers.db “select * from people”;
Sqlite is useful to create a database (one file, .db extension) used to store configuration data, used Miicrosoft, Skype, Banshee… Smart Phone applications….
The file extension .db stands for a whole database: it’s made by the software C library called Sqlite…
This is a great opportunity to learn about SQLITE and the Perl scripting languages… great, don’t you think?
Let’s kill two birds with a stone!
Install Sqlite3 and follow me:
On UBUNTU, DEBIAN, etc:
$ sudo apt-get install sqlite3
On OPEN-SUSE:
$ sudo zypper install sqlite3
On REDHAT, CentOS, or FEDORA:
$ yum install SQLite3
BASH EXAMPLE
Let’s create an example: a database called “test.db” by the (unix) shell by the following command:
:~$ sqlite3 test.db “create table if not exists user(id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, surname TEXT);”
Let’s fill it:
:~$ sqlite3 test.db “insert into user (name, surname) values (‘linus’,’torvalds’);”
:~$ sqlite3 test.db “insert into user(name,surname) values(‘richard’, ‘stallman’)”;
To check it out:
:~$sqlite3 test.db “select * from n”;
The result is:
1|linus|torvalds
2|richard|stallman
Alternatively you can create a database entering the sqlite3 enviroment
$ sqlite3 test.db
SQLite version 3.0.8
Enter “.help” for instructions
Enter SQL statements terminated with a “;”
sqlite>
In the sqlite3 enviroment you can use pure SQL statements to work with your database (in this case the test.db).
You can even change a few default settings to make the ouput of the commands look better. For example the column .mode and the .headers commands.They will last you exit the SQLite shell or change them to something else.
sqlite> .mode col
sqlite> .headers on
To see all the tables and views type:
sqlite> .tables
To see the databases that are currently open use the .databases command. It will show the main and temp databases and where they are on the system:
sqlite> .databases
To exit type .quit or .exit:
sqlite> .quit
Anyway it’s better to work in the shell prompt directly, that allows you to run bash scripts.
In this example the prompt is in your home/user directory. Check it out by the pwd command if you’re not sure…
PERL EXAMPLE
Make a file called test.pl :
$ touch test1.pl
Use an editor(ex. gedit under ubuntu and opensuse) or the cat test1.pl command to fill it with the following script:
#!/usr/bin/perl -w
use DBI;
use strict;
my $db = DBI->connect(“dbi:SQLite:test.db”, “”, “”) or die “couldn’t connect to db”.DBI->errstr;
$db->do(“CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS user (id INTEGER PRIMARY KEY, name TEXT, surname TEXT)”);
$db->do(“INSERT INTO user\(name, surname) VALUES ( ‘linus’, ‘torvalds’)”);
$db->do(“INSERT INTO user\(name, surname) VALUES ( ‘richard’, ‘stallman’)”);
my $all = $db->selectall_arrayref(“SELECT * FROM USER”);
foreach my $row (@$all) {
my ($id, $name, $surname) = @$row;
print “$id|$name|$surname \n”;
}
$db->disconnect;
Alternatively you can make the file directly by the shell:
$ cat > test.pl
.. perl script content…
Type Ctlr+C to close the file and exit.
Now check the file content:
$> cat test.pl
Make the perl script executable:
$ sudo chmod +x test.pl
Then run the perl script simply:
$ ./test.pl
The result is:
1|linus|torvalds
2|richard|stallman
In the same folder where the script lies, you can find a file called “test.db”. That’s the Sqlite database. Just one file.
Yeah! So we’ve learned some Perl and SQLite, right?
Banshee is the standard media player software in Ubuntu 11.04 and OpenSuse 11.4.
It’s a cross-platform application, but it’s basically currently running on “unixoide” operative systems only.
It’s written in C# and and it’s build upon Mono and GTK+ (GIMP Toolkit) and the GStreamer frawework, that is used to create media handling components like audio and video playback, recording, streaming and editing.
With Banshee you can play music, videos and webradios, import and put media on your Android, Apple, or other player — or import from it. You can even purchase music from the integrated Amazon MP3 Store.
As I have a subscriptio to LinuxMagazin (german version), I’ve found a very interesting article about it. Even a mini-tutorial online: http://www.linux-magazin.de/plus/2011/06/Perl-Snapshot-Linux-Magazin-2011-06
So I’ve just discovered that in the hidden folder .config/banshee-1/ you can find the file called “banshee.db”.
The extension .db stands for a whole database: it’s made by the software C library called Sqlite…
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